Awadh Kingdom & Rulers History - General Knowledge of Modern India
Awadh was a historical region of northern India, which included the north eastern part of present-day Uttar Pradesh. It was named Avadh after the name of the capital of the ancient Kosala region, Ayodhya. In the sixteenth century it became a part of the Mughal Empire and in 1856 AD it was merged with the British Empire. In 1722 AD, after the Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah made Shia Sadat Khan of Persia the governor of Awadh, the Awadh province was declared an independent state. Saadat Khan helped in the removal of the Sayyid brothers. The emperor appointed Saadat Khan to negotiate with Nadirshah so that he could return to his country in return for payment of a large sum of money and prevent him from destroying the city. But when that amount was not paid to Nadir Shah, the result was a massacre by the people of Delhi. Saadat Khan also committed suicide out of shame and humiliation.
After Saadat Khan, the next Nawab of Awadh became Safdarjung, who was also appointed as the Wazir of the Mughal Empire. His son Shuja-ud-daula succeeded him. Awadh formed a powerful army, which included Muslims as well as Hindus, Nagas, Sanyasis. The authority of the ruler of Awadh was up to the Rohilkhand region located to the east of Delhi. A large number of Afghans, who were called Rohillas, had settled there from the mountain ranges of the North-West Frontier. Following are the details of the Nawabs of Awadh-
Rulers Of Awadh
Saadat Khan Burhan-ul-Mulk (1722-1739 AD):
He founded Oudh as an autonomous state in 1722 AD. He was appointed governor by the Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah. He was involved in the activities of the empire at the time of Nadir Shah's invasion. played an important role. He eventually committed suicide out of respect and honor.
Safdar Jung Abdul Mansoor (1739-1754 AD):
He was the son-in-law of Saadat Khan who participated in the battle of Manpur against Ahmad Shah Abdali in 1748 AD.
Shuja-ud-daula (1754-1775 AD):
He was the son of Safdarjung and an associate of Ahmad Shah Abdali. He annexed Rohilkhand to his empire in 1755 AD by defeating the Rohillas with the help of the British.
Asaf-ud-Daula:
He is famous for promoting the culture of Lucknow and for having built historical buildings like Imambara and Rumi Darwaza. He made the treaty of Faizabad with the British in 1755 AD.
Wajid Ali Shah:
He was the last Nawab of Awadh known as Akhtarpriya and Jaan-e-Alam. During his time, Oudh was annexed to the British Empire on the basis of misrule by the British Governor General Lord Dalhousie. He was fond of classical music and dance who had given refuge to artist brothers like Kalka-Binda in his court.
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Modern India